Tiotropium Bromide

Tiotropium Bromide is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) approved for use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Tiotropium Bromide is a long acting antagonist of muscarinic receptors, which is often referred to as an anticholinergic.
It is available on the market and formulated as dry powder and soft mist inhaler devices.
It is indicated for the long-term treatment of COPD-associated bronchospasm and for the management of exacerbations. Tiotropium was the first LAMA on the market, making it the gold-standard monotherapy in COPD. It is also approved for use in asthma.

USE
Tiotropium exhibits its pharmacological effects through the inhibition of M3–receptors in the smooth muscle whch lead to bronchodilation. The competitive and reversible nature of this antagonism is shown to last longer than 24 hours. Bronchodilation following the inhalation of tiotropium is predominantly a site–specific effect.
Tiotropium is mainly used for long-term treatment of reversible bronchospasms associated with COPD, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Tiotropium, as well as other LAMAs, are also recommended for maintenance monotherapy in patients with moderate to severe COPD who have persistent symptoms which has not been relieved by a selective, short-acting inhaled β₂-adrenergic agonist therapy.

Oral inhalation using special devices that deliver the powdered drug from inside the capsules or a solution containing tiotropium is administered. Capsules should not be used orally, as the favourable effects on the lungs will not be obtained.
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Only the use for research and development is allowed.